Njengasembonini yezimoto, insimbi ne-aluminium yizinto ezihamba phambili ezisetshenziswa emboniniukwakhiwa kwemizimba yezitimela, okuhlanganisa amabhodi aseceleni esitimela, uphahla, amaphaneli aphansi kanye nama-cant rails, axhuma iphansi lesitimela eceleni kodonga.I-Aluminium ihlinzeka ngenani lezinzuzo ezitimeleni ezinesivinini esikhulu: ukukhanya kwayo okuhlobene uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi, ukuhlanganisa okulula ngenxa yokunciphisa izingxenye, kanye nokungagqwala okuphezulu.Nakuba i-aluminium icishe ibe yi-1/3 yesisindo sensimbi, izingxenye eziningi ze-aluminium ezisetshenziswa embonini yezokuthutha cishe ziyingxenye yesisindo sezingxenye zensimbi ezihambisanayo ngenxa yezidingo zamandla.
Ama-alloys e-aluminium asetshenziswa kumakalishi esitimela anesivinini esikhulu (ikakhulukazi uchungechunge 5xxx kanye ne-6xxx, njengasembonini yezimoto, kodwa futhi nochungechunge lwe-7xxx lwezidingo zamandla aphezulu) anobunzima obuphansi uma buqhathaniswa nensimbi (ngaphandle kokuyekethisa amandla), kanye nokuhleleka okuhle kakhulu. kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Ama-alloys ajwayelekile ezitimela yi-5083-H111, 5059, 5383, 6060 kanye nentsha engu-6082. Isibonelo, izitimela zaseJapan ezinesivinini esikhulu zaseShinkansen ziqukethe kakhulu ingxubevange engu-5083 kanye ne-7075, esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini ye-aerospace, kuyilapho i-German Aerospace. I-Transrapid isebenzisa kakhulu ishidi elingu-5005 kumaphaneli kanye no-6061, 6063, no-6005 kuma-extrusions.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo ze-aluminium alloy nazo ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa esikhundleni sezintambo zendabuko zethusi ekuhanjisweni nokufakwa kukaloliwe.
Ngakho-ke, inzuzo enkulu ye-aluminium ngaphezu kwensimbi ukuvikela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi ezitimeleni ezinesivinini esikhulu kanye namandla omthwalo anyusiwe ongathuthwa, ikakhulukazi ezitimeleni zezimpahla.Ezinhlelweni zezokuthutha ezisheshayo nezihamba eduze kwasemadolobheni, lapho izitimela kufanele zimise izitobhi eziningi, ukonga izindleko ezibalulekile kungafinyelelwa njengoba kudingeka amandla amancane ukuze kusheshiswe nokubhreka uma kusetshenziswa izinqola ze-aluminium.Izitimela ezilula, ezihambisana nezinye izindlela ezifanayo zinganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuze kufike ku-60 % ezinqoleni ezintsha.
Umphumela wukuthi, esizukulwaneni sakamuva sezitimela zesifunda nezinesivinini esikhulu, i-aluminium ithathe indawo yensimbi ngempumelelo njengento ekhethwayo.Lawa makalishi asebenzisa ngokwesilinganiso amathani angu-5 e-aluminium ngenqola ngayinye.Njengoba ezinye izingxenye zensimbi zihilelekile (njengamasondo nezindlela zokuthwala), izinqola ezinjalo ngokuvamile zilula ingxenye yesithathu uma ziqhathaniswa nezinqola zensimbi.Ngenxa yokonga ugesi, izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphezulu zokuqala zamakalishi anesisindo esincane (uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi) ziyatholwa ngemva kweminyaka engaba mibili nengxenye yokuxhashazwa.Uma ubheka phambili, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-carbon fibre zizokhipha isisindo esikhulu nakakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-19-2021